WORLD WAR II

Technical & Scientific Intelligence

 

See also, "The ALSOS Mission and Heisenberg."

Additional information on technical intelligence is available at http://www.wlhoward.com/ (Ordnance Technical Intelligence Museum and Technical Intelligence Bulletins).

Prof. Robert L. Bolin maintains a useful site, "Army Technical Intelligence Chronology," at http://www.lib.uidaho.edu/technical/tech-int.html.

 

Avery, Donald H. The Science of War: Canadian Scientists and Allied Military Technology during the Second World War. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1998.

From card catalog description: "This book explains how and why Canada was able to play in the big leagues of military technology, particularly in the development of radar, RDX explosives, proximity fuses, chemical and biological warfare, and the atomic bomb. It also investigates the evolution of the Canadian national security state, which attempted to protect defence secrets both from the Axis powers and from Canada's wartime ally, the Soviet Union."

Bolin, Robert L. Technical Intelligence Bibliography. Athens, GA: University of Georgia, Political Science Department, 1985. [Petersen]

Bond, Donald. Radio Direction Finders. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1944. [Petersen]

Brown, Louis. A Radar History of World War II: Technical and Military Imperatives. Bristol, UK, and Philadelphia, PA: Institute of Physics Publishing, 2000.

Beard, I&NS 16.2, notes that most of the book traces developments in Britain, the United States, and Germany. The focus is on "three campaigns...: the Battle of the Atlantic, the bombing of German cities, and the Allied sweep across the Pacific.... [The author's] narrative is straightforward, his style workmanlike, his documentation meticulous.... [I]t is hard to believe that anyone will write a better book on this subject."

Buderi, Robert. The Invention that Changed the World: How a Small Group of Radar Pioneers Won the Second World War and Launched a Technological Revolution. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996.

Cohen, FA (Mar.-Apr. 1997), finds this to be an "engaging technological history.... It is a sprawling, perhaps overly American-centered account that carries the work of the key scientists involved into the early 1960s."

Budiansky, Stephen. "The Code War: The Code-Breaking Machines of World War II Took Data-Processing Technology to Its Very Limits in the Era before Computers." American Heritage of Invention and Technology 16, no. 1 (Summer 2000): 36-43.

Conant, Jennet. Tuxedo Park: A Wall Street Tycoon and the Secret Palace of Science that Changed the Course of World War II. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2002.

According to Seamon, Proceedings, Dec. 2002, Alfred Lee Loomis helped organize MIT's Radiation Lab, and "worked overtime convincing reluctant leading scientists to go to work for the government."

Beard, I&NS 18.1, finds that the author's story "adds to the history of radar, but it also exposes her ignorance. Microwave radar is essentially given sole credit for the defeat of the U-boats, the blunting of the V-1 attacks on London, and Allied success at Anzio.... [She] describes ASV radar as the decisive weapon in the Battle of the North Atlantic. The word Ultra is never mentioned."

Davis, Franklin M., Jr.

1. "The Army's Technical Detectives." Military Review 28 (May 1948): 12-18.

The U.S. Army's "T-Force" and technical intelligence in World War II.

2. "Technical Intelligence and the Signal Corps." Signals 3 (Jul.-Aug. 1949): 19-26.

[http://carlisle-www.army.mil/usamhi/RefBibs/intell/ww2/tech.htm]

Hartcup, Guy. The Effect of Science on the Second World War. New York: St. Martin's, 2000.

Kruh, Cryptologia 25.2, calls this "an essential book on a rarely addressed topic that will contribute to a better understanding of an important subject."

Johnson, Brian. The Secret War. New York: Methuen, 1978. London: BBC Publications, 1978.

According to Constantinides, this book is based on a BBC television series. This account of "scientific, technical, and cryptologic" aspects of World War II presents a "wider perspective" than R.V. Jones' The Wizard War.

Sexton calls The Secret War a "detailed and richly illustrated history of the scientific side of World War II." Similarly, Nautical Brass Bibliography gives this "profusely illustrated" book a "highly recommended" notation.

Jones, R.V. "Anglo-American Cooperation in the Wizard War." In In the Name of Intelligence: Essays in Honor of Walter Pforzheimer, eds. Hayden B. Peake and Samuel Halpern, 299-312. Washington, DC: NIBC Press, 1994.

Jones, R. V. "Scientific Intelligence." Studies in Intelligence 6, no. 3 (Summer 1962): 55-76.

This is a "minimally edited" version, annotated by T.M. Odarenko, of a speech by Jones, first published in the Journal of the United Services Institution, August 1947, pp. 352-360.

Jones, R. V. "The Scientific Intelligencer." Studies in Intelligence 6, no. 4 (Fall 1962): 37-48.

"Excerpted from Research, Vol. 9 (September 1956), pp. 347-352."

Jones, R.V. The Wizard War: British Scientific Intelligence, 1939-1945. New York: Coward, McCann, & Geoghegan, 1978. Most Secret War: British Scientific Intelligence 1939-1945. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1978. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1990.

Clark comment: British physicist Reginald Victor Jones headed scientific intelligence for the British Air Staff in World War II and served as scientific adviser to the SIS. His accomplishments are many but perhaps best known is his development of methods to defeat the Germans' radar and their use of radio-beam targeting of Britain. Jones is often called "the father of scientific intelligence"; he is the namesake and first recipient of the CIA's R.V. Jones Intelligence Award. Jones died on 17 December 1997. See Ken Cormier, "EW Pioneer R.V. Jones Dies at 86," Journal of Electronic Defense (Jan. 1998), 29-30.

Pforzheimer calls The Wizard War "important reading about the development of scientific intelligence in Britain."

According to Constantinides, "[t]his is not only one of the great works on scientific intelligence in World War II but one of the great personal memoirs in intelligence literature."

To Sexton, Jones "paints a fascinating picture of the intelligence process and the ways in which diverse sources complemented ULTRA."

Mendelsohn, John, ed. Scientific and Technical Intelligence Gathering, Including the ALSOS Mission. New York: Garland, 1987. [Wilcox]

Millar, George, The Bruneval Raid: Flashpoint of the Radar War. London: Bodley Head, 1974. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1974.

Constantinides notes that the focus here is the 1942 British raid to capture a German radar. However, "Millar, who served as an agent in France,... is surprisingly good on the outlines of the radar war."

Price, Alfred. Instruments of Darkness: The History of Electronic Warfare. London: Kimber, 1967. Rev. ed. London: Macdonalds & Janes, 1977. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1978.

Price's Instruments of Darkness tells the story of British electronic warfare (EW) in World War II.

Constantinides notes that Price lacked access to Ultra materials and "cannot match [R.V.] Jones's first-hand knowledge and access." Nevertheless, Price's work "still stands as one of the best" on the subject of EW deception connected with the invasion of France in 1944 (Overlord).

Richards, Pamala Spence. Scientific Information in Wartime: The Allied-German Rivalry, 1939-1945. Contributions in Military Studies, No. 151. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1994.

Surveillant 4.1: "Scientific intelligence in World War II."

Schiffman, Maurice K. "Technical Intelligence in the Pacific in World War II." Military Review 31 (Jan. 1952): 42-48. [http://carlisle-www.army.mil/usamhi/RefBibs/intell/ww2/tech.htm]

Shpiro, Shlomo. "Cold War Radar Intelligence: Operation 'Cerberus.'" Journal of Intelligence History 6, no. 2 (Winter 2006/7). [http://www.intelligence-history.org/jih/journal.html]

Zimmerman, David. Britain's Shield: Radar and the Defeat of the Luftwaffe. Stroud, UK: Sutton, 2001.

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