U.S. A - U.S. C

U.S. Air Force. "General Intelligence Rules." Air Force Instruction 14-202 (vol. 3). 10 Mar. 2008. [http://www.fas.org/irp/doddir/usaf/afi14-202v3.pdf]

"This instruction implements Air Force Policy Directive (AFPD) 14-2, Intelligence Rules and Procedures[,] and establishes Air Force general intelligence rules.... AF/A2 is the Deputy Chief of Staff, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR). AF/A2 sets policy for conducting and executing Air Force intelligence plans and programs."

[MI/AF/00s]

U.S. Air Force. "Special Operations." Air Force Doctrine Document 2-7. 16 Dec. 2005. [http://www.fas.org/irp/doddir/usaf/afdd2-7.pdf]

From "Summary of Revisions": "As America continues to engage in the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT), AFSOF [Air Force Special Operations Forces] have had to shift from a platform-based to a capabilities-based model that can accommodate a GWOT-oriented campaign."

[MI/AF/00s & SpecOps; MI/SpecOps/00s]

U.S. Army. Center for Military History. "Rangers in Colonial and Revolutionary America." http://www.army.mil/cmh-pg/documents/revwar/revra.htm.

This is a brief and easily read article that traces the evolution of the "ranger tradition" from the seventeenth century wars between colonists and Native American tribes through the Revolutionary War.

[RevWar/Overviews]

U.S. Army. Counter Intelligence Corps School. Counter Intelligence Corps History and Mission in World War II. Baltimore, MD: CIC School, CIC Center, [1951?].

Constantinides: This monograph "has all the faults of an official history.... It is general in its approach, dry, and devoid of accounts of operational activity.... It is, needless to say, heavy on organizational and line-of-command matters."

[WWII/Services/Army]

U.S. Army. INSCOM. History Office. "The Heraldry of Cryptology-- Addendum." Cryptologia 13, no. 1 (Jan. 1989): 79-84.

[Cryptography]

U.S. Army. Intelligence Center. The History of the Counter Intelligence Corps. 30 vol. 1959.

According to Ruffner, "CIC Records...," CSI Bulletin 11 (Summer 2000), a declassified version of this originally classified work "is available to researchers at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) at College Park, Maryland.... [I]t provides a detailed history of the CIC from World War I through the Korean War. The product of several authors and years of research through scattered intelligence records, the official CIC history is the most authoritative account of the CIC's wartime and peacetime activities."

[WWII/U.S./Services/Army/CIC]

U.S. Army and Marine Corps. The U.S. Army/Marine Corps Counterinsurgency Field Manual [COIN FM]. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007.

Kahl, FA 86.6 (Nov.-Dec. 2007), finds that "[t]he COIN FM is not an academic document, but it is deeply informed by classical counterinsurgency theory.... The manual embraces a model commonly referred to as 'clear, hold, and build.'" While "it is difficult to know whether its template can work in all cases,... overall, the COIN FM probably represents the single best distillation of current knowledge about irregular warfare."

[MI/SpecOps]

U.S. Army Security Agency. European Axis Signal Intelligence in the Second World War. Washington, DC: Army Security Agency, 1946.

[WWII/Eur/Ger]

U.S. Army Security Agency. Historical Background of the Signal Security Agency. Vol. III. The Peace, 1919-1939. Washington, DC: 1946.

[Cryptography/Gen; MI/Army/Interwar]

U.S. Army Security Agency. History of Codes and Ciphers in the United States During the Period Between the World Wars. Part I: 1919-1929. Laguna Hills, CA: Aegean Park Press, 1979.

[Cryptography/Gen; MI/Army/Interwar]

U.S. Army Security Agency. The History of Codes and Ciphers in the United States During World War I. Laguna Hills, CA: Aegean Park Press, 1979.

U.S. Army Security Agency. The History of Codes and Ciphers in the United States Prior to World War I. Laguna Hills, CA: Aegean Park Press, 1978.

U.S. Army Security Agency. The Origin and Development of the Army Security Agency 1917-1947. Laguna Hills, CA: Aegean Park Press, 1978.

Constantinides: This work reads just like the form in which it began life: "a typical government orientation lecture." It gives bare-bones treatment of the various names, organizations, and reorganizations over a period of thirty years and two wars.

[Cryptography]

U.S. Army. Signal Corps. Report of the Chief Signal Officer to the Secretary of War: 1919. Washington, DC: GPO, 1919. [Petersen]

[WWI/U.S.]

U.S. Attorney's Office. District of Maryland. "Former Maryland NSA Employee Convicted of Wrongfully Possessing Classified Information." 16 Dec. 2005. [http://usaomd.blogspot.com/2005_12_11_usaomd_archive.html]

On 15 December 2005, "a federal jury convicted Kenneth Wayne Ford, Jr., ... on charges of unlawfully possessing classified information related to the national defense, and making a false statement to a U.S. government agency."

[SpyCases/Other/Ford]

U.S. Attorney's Office. District of New Jersey. "News Release: Leandro Aragoncillo and Michael Ray Aquino." 12 Sep. 2005. [http://www.cicentre.com]

Leandro Aragoncillo, an FBI intelligence analyst at Fort Monmouth, New Jersey, was arrested on 10 September 2005 and charged with acting as an unregistered agent of a foreign official and passing classified information to that official and others in the Philippines. Also arrested was Michael Ray Aquino, a former official with the Philippines National Police. He is charged with with acting as an unregistered agent of a foreign official and passing classified information to that official and others in the Philippines.

[SpyCases/U.S./Aragoncillo]

U.S. Commission on CIA Activities Within the United States [Rockefeller Commission]. Report to the President. Washington, DC: GPO, 1975.

Pforzheimer calls the Rockefeller Commission Report "a clear and detailed account of CIA's activities in the domestic field, particularly in the light of the times and circumstances in which they occurred."

Lowenthal notes that the Report "found instances of illegalities and recommended reform"; this is a "key document in the history of U.S. intelligence."

[CIA/70s/Investigations]

U.S. Commission on Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government [second Hoover Commission]. Intelligence Activities: A Report to the Congress. Washington, DC: GPO, 1955.

According to Pforzheimer, Studies 5.2 (Spring 1961), this report "[c]onsiders problems of intelligence at the national and departmental levels, including those of personnel and security administration and functional organization."

[Reform/Thru70s]

U.S. Commission on the Organization of the Government for the Conduct of Foreign Policy [Murphy Commission]. Report of the Commission. Washington, DC: GPO, 1975.

According to Pforzheimer, the "study looks at the entirety of foreign policy.... Chapter 7 ... [recommends] [f]ourteen specific changes in intelligence.... Some of the changes have since been adopted, some have been overtaken by events, and some have been ignored. Several volumes of appendices ... contain articles prepared by scholars and experts.... Appendix U, in Volume 7, includes the seven articles of value to the intelligence professional."

[CIA/70s/Investigations]

U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. Jack B. Pfeiffer, Appellant, v. Central Intelligence Agency and United States of America. No. 94-5107. 1 Aug. 1995. [www.ll.georgetown.edu/federal/judicial/dc/opinions/94opinions/94-5107a.html]

"... Before BUCKLEY, GINSBURG, and SENTELLE, Circuit Judges.

"Opinion for the Court filed by Circuit Judge GINSBURG.

"GINSBURG, Circuit Judge: As part of his duties as an historian employed by the CIA, Dr. Jack B. Pfeiffer wrote a report dealing with the Agency's internal investigation of the Bay of Pigs Operation. When he left the CIA Pfeiffer took a copy of that report, which he later asked the Agency to review and clear for publication. When the CIA declined, Pfeiffer brought suit in district court claiming that the Agency's refusal to undertake such a review operated as a prior restraint upon his right to speak, in violation of the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States. The United States intervened and counterclaimed for return of Pfeiffer's copy of the report. The district court granted summary judgment in favor of the Government on both Pfeiffer's claim and the Government's counterclaim. Because Pfeiffer has no right to a copy of the document and the CIA's conduct in this case does not implicate the first amendment, we affirm the judgment of the district court."

[CIA/90s/95; Overviews/Legal/Gen]

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