Uhrlau, Ernst. “A Post-Cold War Intelligence Service.” Transatlantic Internationale Politik 4 (2000): 1–7.
Uhrlau, Ernst. “A Post-Cold War Intelligence Service.” Transatlantic Internationale Politik 4 (2000): 1–7.
When this article was written, the author was the German chancellor’s coordinator of intelligence. Later, he headed the German Foreign Intelligence Service (Bundesnachrichtendient, BND). He emphasizes that "in the future the BND will have to confront the dynamics of the dangers arising from today’s transnational issues, besides carrying out its share of intelligence-gathering duties in Germany’s international peacekeeping, peacemaking, or humanitarian missions."
[Germany/00s]
Ulbricht, Heinz. "Uncle Dick and other Horrors of the Enigma." Journal of Intelligence History 1, no. 1 (Summer 2001). [http://www.intelligence-history.org/jih/previous.html]
From abstract: "Bletchley Park was quite effective in solving the German keys [of the Enigma cipher machine] until in January 1944 some messages resisted the usual treatment. This was due to an additional reflector, 'Dora', which was soon nicknamed 'Uncle Dick'.... Fortunately, different key nets used either one or the other reflector and even committed the sin of re-enciphering messages.... Another new contraption designed to improve the security of the Enigma in 1944 was the 'Enigma-Uhr.' It was the only alteration by the Germans ... that had been introduced without any warning.... In the worst case, a message had been encoded with both 'Dora' and the 'Uhr.' These and other measures confirm that the Enigma, if handled properly, was indeed unbreakable by any known method."
[UK/WWII/Ultra]
Ullman, Donald F. [Col.] "HUMINT in the Military." American Intelligence Journal 14, no. 1 (Autumn/Winter 1993/1994): 71-73.
Re importance of "military HUMINT" and relationship of HUMINT to doctrine of AirLand Operations.
[MI/Humint]
Ullman, Richard H. "Redefining Security." International Security 8, no. 1 (Summer 1983): 129-153.
[GenPostwar/NatSec/Environment]
Umphress, David A. [LTCOL/USAFR] "Diving the Digital Dumpster: The Impact of the Internet on Collecting Open-Source Intelligence." Air & Space Power Journal 19, no. 4 (Winter 2005). [http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj05/win05/win05.html]
"Although the Internet makes possible the free flow of information, the Air Force should not necessarily make all information freely available through the Internet. Obviously, the service should not [openly] post classified or sensitive information.... The less obvious question addresses how much unclassified information the Air Force should make publicly available, realizing the possibility of assembling compromising intelligence from seemingly innocent information."
[MI/AF/00s]
Ungar, Sanford J.
1. FBI: An Uncensored Look Behind the Walls. Boston: Atlantic, Little, Brown, 1976
According to Pforzheimer, this book "was published before much of the testimony ... in 1975-76 before various congressional committees which went into great detail on many of the Bureau's operations in the internal security area."
Wilcox says it is a "[c]ritical account, especially with respect to political surveillance of leftists."
2. "The FBI File." The Atlantic 235 (Apr. 1975): 37-52. [Petersen]
[FBI]
Ungar, Sanford J. "Pitch Imperfect: The Trouble at the Voice of America." Foreign Affairs 84, no. 3 (May-Jun. 2005): 7-13.
"[E]ven as ... the international image of the United States is in steep decline, the country's best instrument of public diplomacy, the Voice of America (VOA) broadcast service, is being systematically diminished."
Foreign Affairs 84, no. 4 (Jul.-Aug.. 2005): 201-205 carries responses from VOA Director David S. Jackson; Kenneth Y. Tomlinson, Chairman, U.S. Broadcasting Board of Governors; Radio Free Asia President Richard Richter; former VOA White House correspondent Philomena Jurey; and a response to the responses by Ungar.
[CA/White/VOA]
Ungoed-Thomas, Jon, and Clive Freeman. "'Lovely Old Lady' of the Suburbs Defends Her 40 Years of Treason." Sunday Times (London), 12 Sept. 1999. [http://www.the-times.co.uk]
Remarks of Melita Norwood (see BBC reportage of 11 September 1999).
[UK/SpyCases/99/Fever]
University of Cincinnati Law Review. "Administrative Law -- Freedom of Information Act -- an agency's unpublished time of request cutoff date for searching its files for records requested under the Freedom of Information Act is invalid as unreasonable unless exceptional circumstances are shown; all records in an agency's possession, whether created by the agency itself or by another agency, are 'agency records' -- McGehee v. Central Intelligence Agency, 697 F.2d 1095." 52 (1983): 921-935.
[Overviews/Legal]
University of Florida Law Review. "Passport Revocation: Balancing Constitutional Freedoms with National Security Concerns." 33 (Fall 1981): 763-776.
[Overviews/Legal/Travel]
University of Michigan Clements Library: http://www.si.umich.edu/spies/index-about.html.
This is a well done look at espionage and treason in the American Revolution. See especially "Spy Letters of the American Revolution (from the Collections of the Clements Library)." [Click on "Letters" in the main site.]
[RevWar/Refs/Websites]
University of Toledo Law Review. "National Security Interests vs. the First Amendment: Haig v. Agee (101 S. Ct. 2766)." 13 (Summer 1982): 1437-1467.
[Overviews/Legal/Travel]
Unrath, Walter J. "A Matter of Hindsight: Army Clandestine Intelligence Operations and the Klaus Barbie Affair. A Personal Perspective on the Vagaries of the Intelligence Profession." American Intelligence Journal 14, no. 1 (Autumn/Winter 1993): 47-51.
This is a personal account of the investigation and report by the Department of Justice in 1983 of a clandestine U.S. Army Counter Intelligence Corps operation culminating in the exfiltration of Barbie from Europe to South America. Unrath was the chief of the Technical Specialist Division of the 66th CIC Group. Barbie was "a covert informant/agent targeted against East Germany and the Soviet Union, among other targets" whose "continued presence in the theater of operations could seriously jeopardize U.S. security." The author believes there is a "need for legislative clarification of accountability and also for a much needed official definition of 'lawful orders.'"
[GenPostwar/40s/Germany][c]
Unsinger, Peter Charles. "Meeting a Commercial Need for Intelligence: The International Maritime Bureau." International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence 12, no. 1 (Spring 1999): 58-72.
The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) "has largely acted on the premise that something needed to be done to assure the maritime world -- those who ship, those who receive, and those who carry -- that all has been done to remove or identify criminal acts that threaten international trade. Its principal vehicle for monitoring these problems is the International Maritime Bureau."
[GenPostwar/Issues/EconIntel/Corp][c]
Unsinger, Peter C. "Three Intelligence Blunders in Korea." International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence 3, no. 4 (Winter 1989): 549-561.
In addition to the well-established intelligence failures of the Korean War -- the failures to predict the North Korean invasion and China's entry into the war -- the author briefly discusses "Third Force" covert activities directed from Taiwan against the PRC as a third "blunder."
[GenPostwar/50s/Korea][c]
Unverhau, Dagmar, ed. State Security and Mapping in the German Democratic Republic: Map Falsification as a Consequence of Excessive Secrecy? Berlin: Lit Verlag, 2006.
Krieger, JIH 6.2 (Winter 2006/7), notes that in October 1965 the GDR's National Defence Council "passed a ruling which specified how publicly distributed maps had to be modified in order to meet the concerns not only of GDR security agencies but equally of the Soviet Union.... The authors amply illustrate how military installations were diminished in size or made to look like farm buildings. Railway lines were deleted, electrical power lines made to vanish..... The 1965 order also banned grid coordinates which made it possible to move road intersections or even villages by several kilometres."
[Germany/East]
Upshur, Giles C. [CAPT/USN (Ret.)] "The US Naval Attache." Naval Intelligence Professionals Quarterly 9, no. 1 (Jan. 1993): 9-11.
Brief overview of the development of the Defense Attache System. This is an extract of a study done at the National War College in 1969.
[MI/Attaches][c]
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