Space News. "[Editorial:] Who Watches the Watchers?" 2-8 Oct. 1995, 18.
Space News. "[Editorial:] Who Watches the Watchers?" 2-8 Oct. 1995, 18.
"Those in NRO responsible for its recent funding debacles should be dismissed.... NRO has a record of achievement in the 1991 Desert Storm conflict and elsewhere.... But this does not excuse its casual disregard of the fundamental responsibilities of all U.S. government agencies."
[NRO/90s/95]
Spaeth, Anthony. "Another One Slips Away." Time, 8 Sep. 1997. [http://www.time.com]
"Agents of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency provided [North Korea's Ambassador to Egypt], his wife and family with phony passports ... which they used to slip through immigration at Cairo International Airport. At exactly the same time, Jang's brother, a commercial counselor at North Korea's mission in Paris, boarded a plane in France accompanied by his family. Within hours, they were ensconced in a CIA safe house somewhere in the U.S., and the White House was informed of the success of the operation, which had been approved personally by President Clinton." See also Tony Emerson, "The CIA Lands a Big Fish," Newsweek, 8 Sep. 1997, 54.
[CIA/90s/97/Gen; OtherCountries/NKorea]
Sparaco, Pierre. "French Satellite Details Air Strike Damage." Aviation Week & Space Technology, 12 Apr. 1999, 26-27.
"The French Helios 1 imaging reconnaissance satellite and two air force Mirage IVPs are making a significant contribution in providing detailed assessment of NATO air strikes against military targets in Yugoslavia."
[GenPostCW/90s/Kosovo; Recon/Sats/Articles]
Sparks, David S. "General Patrick's Progress: Intelligence and Security in the Army of the Potomac." Civil War History 10, no. 4 (Dec. 1964): 371-384.
On 6 October 1862, McClellan appointed Brig. Gen. Marsena Patrick provost marshal general of the Army of the Potomac, "giving him broad authority and the responsibility for the security of the army." Initial duties were as the army's chief of police, but some of his duties would "lead him into intelligence work under McClellan's successors." Hooker had Patrick create a "secret service" for the army, independent of Lafayette Baker's organization in Washington. The new Bureau of Military Information focused on "producing combat intelligence" but also engaged in counterintelligence work. The bureau languished under Meade, but was reactivated when Grant decide to make his headquarters in the field with the army. "Patrick was in the thick of things" as Grant's offensive got under way. After the fall of Richmond, he was put in charge of restoring order to the former Confederate capital. He was finally relieved to return home on 9 June 1865.
[CivWar/Un/Gen][c]
Sparrow, Elizabeth. Secret Service: British Agents in France 1792-1815. London: Boydell & Brewer, 1999.
Crossland, Sunday Times (London), 20 Feb. 2000, notes that the author brings "impressive scholarship" to her work (such as, tracking down "a secret-service archive tucked away in the vaults of the old Public Record Office ... for nearly 200 years"). However, she "too often allows her research to get in the way of a good story."
For Romans, I&NS 16.3, this is an "invaluable overview," with the author reaching beyond the limits of the subtitle to cover the operations of British agents "from the Baltics to the Middle East and against both the Revolution and Napoleon." Although Sparrow's "tendency to include superfluous material can make the narrative impenetrable" and "some ... attributions should be viewed with caution," her "identification of numerous operatives and the webs along which their information flowed has rendered a tremendous service to historians of this period."
[UK/Historical]
Sparrow, Malcolm K. "Network Vulnerabilities and Strategic Intelligence in Law Enforcement." International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence 5, no. 3 (Fall 1991): 255-274.
[GenPostwar/Issues/InfoWar][c]
Spaulding, Suzanne. "A View from the Senate." National Security Law Report 19, no. 3 (Jun. 1997): 1, 9-14.
The former General Counsel to the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence (until July 1997) discusses recent legislative activities concerning intelligence matters. Included are comments on issues related to the handling of classified information and the export of encryption technology.
[Oversight/90s][c]
Spearin, Christopher. "Special Operations Forces a Strategic Resource: Public and Private Divides." Parameters 36, no. 4 (Winter 2006-07): 58-70. [http://carlisle-www.army.mil/usawc/Parameters/06winter/spearin.htm]
Despite the logic in assigning USSOCOM primary responsibility for prosecuting the war on terrorism, "such an approach threatens to exacerbate divides, real and perceived, between the conventional and unconventional military communities.... [A]s SOF in the United States and elsewhere strain to meet the expanding operational tempo and as the PSC [private security company] presence increases internationally, the 'fortunes' of both state militaries and PSCs are linked to what is becoming a zero-sum game for SOF’s expertise."
[MI/SpecOps/00s]
Spector, Leonard S. "Strategic Warning and New Nuclear States." Defense Intelligence Journal 3, no. 1 (Spring 1994): 33-52. Defense Intelligence Journal 7, no. 2 (Fall 1998): 45-63.
"The threat of unexpected nuclear proliferation has become a growing danger.... [M]otivations, as well as capabilities, are an essential part of the strategic warning database.... [T]he reliability of the Ten Year Rule has become problematic.... [S]ome regular type patterns of uncertainty are beginning to manifest themselves."
[Analysis/Surprise][c]
Spector, Ronald H., ed. Listening to the Enemy: Key Documents on the Role of Communications Intelligence in the War with Japan. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 1988.
According to Sexton, this volume "[r]eproduces 21 monographs detailing the scope of U.S. Comint activities directed against Japan from 1917 through 1945."
[WWII/Magic]
Spenser, Christopher O. "Intelligence Analysis Under Pressure of Rapid Change: The Canadian Challenge." Journal of Conflict Studies 16, no. 1 (Spring 1996): 57-74.
[Canada]
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